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Not much to add to this great response by Oldfashioned.
I think that confusion might be that you think the palette on the side of Aseprite shows you what colours your piece has. It doesn't. It is just a toolbox. One quick way to check this while you working is to click the hamburger button above the palette and then "New Palette from Sprite". This will make a palette with everything you have currently on your image.
Also, another reason to "make the colour darker when you draw above the pixel" could be to change the alpha or transparency of the colour you are using. This way you are not replacing pixels with different colour, but "colouring" them, which results in a new colour created of that mixture.
If you want to make sure you have only the colours your palette has, use only colours from that palette and don't alter them, don't use layers, and don't use semi transparent colours. This would be good for a start until you learn to control your palette in other ways, and also with using all those tricks.
I can confirm that this piece has more colors than the amount you claim... I opened it in Aseprite and it loaded a palette of 105 colors. So clearly there's something going on that makes your art have more colors than necessary.
Personally, I don't think it's an export issue, since a lot of those redundant colors are concentrated in very specific places and do not occur anywhere else in the picture... it feels deliberate instead of compression artifacts. Did you actually use a palette, or were you just choosing the colors as you drew? This could be a result of the latter. Like, you used a slightly different gray around each eye when you could've used the same one for both eyes, and there's like 6 more grays in other parts of the picture that look just like those two grays.
If you want solid proof of the high color count, you can download and open this pic in Aseprite (actually, you can also open your own exported PNG for the same results). It'll show you how many colors it's composed of in the left panel (the one that shows the picture's palette). Hover your cursor over the last color on that list and read the Index number at the bottom of the program's window. There's that many colors because a lot of them are pretty similar, and may even appear to be the exact same color at first, but they're off by a couple of RGB levels so they don't actually count as the same color. You could just replace all of those colors that look almost the same with only one of them, and the piece wouldn't change in any substantial way.
If you want to know why the color number is important, maybe you should read this forum post (and the entire thread in general). In short, it's generally bad practice to have too many colors that are almost identical, and it implies you're drawing in a very sloppy way.
And no, drawing "above" a pixel (do you mean on a different layer?) shouldn't make the pixels "below" any darker or lighter unless you're using blending modes (darken, multiply, lighten, addition, etc.) and/or making your top layers semi-transparent, which may also be the reason these extra colors are being produced without you noticing.
So, from now on, try doing the following before exporting:
Having too many layers can also be a problem, you see.
thank u for responding tho xD i was gonna report him for being crazy telling me i used 40 color on a art that is 64*64 u can see it by the eyes that it has 9 colors maximum :P , i'll find out why it is happening and try to fix it .
but why is the color number important tho ?
I am using Aseprite, exporting as PNG. I don't think there is anything special that I am doing. I'm sure I used a maximum of 30 colors, no more. Maybe the shades of orange darken when I draw using Aseprite. When you draw above a pixel, it makes it darker. That's the only theory and reasonable explanation for why it is showing those weird numbers!
That guy is a PJ moderator and my friend ;) You can check here who is in the moderating team. We are literally showing you links to the evidence, where the computer is counting colours in your pieces. We can help you if you having trouble with exporting files in a way that they remain the same as you are making them. Tell us more about what program you are using and how you are saving files before uploading to the gallery. I'm sure this is some glitch we can find a way around, but we need information to be able to help.
BRO EVEN THAT GUY SAID the same thing to me
A literally piece with 8 colors said there is 38 colors , i am using pixel art maybe the export is causing it
https://www.linneart.com/pj/?input=https%3A%2F%2Fpixeljoint.com%2Fpixelart%2F155647.htm
This piece has over 100 colours. I think there is something wrong with your file export process. What program are you using for pixelling?
okay thank you guys