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i'd rather avoid the word dither and explain what AA is. but first warn about using gradient ramps as a bad way to shade and give volume to the character, specially considering that it certainly doesnt give any volumen at all. the main problem with using said gradient ramps is that they hardly ever follow a lightsource, they lead to a bad appearance since thats not how objects react to light in real world nor in any shading process, and because they look bad.
however, pushing him so hard for a first try is not a good idea either, specially considering is his first time. so, i'd rather recomend him to post this on the wip forums where people would gladly explain in detail about light sources, color choices and an overall guide into some basic tips to improve your graphcis's look and appealing.
thats is, if you're interested in actually improving this.
I see the words "Dither" and "AA" in your near future! 
I think it is interesting